Nikolai Mikhailovich Yazykov (1803 - 1846), who belonged to an old rich family of Simbirsk nobles, from his youth felt his poetic vocation, the originality of which was repeatedly mentioned by his great contemporaries: "Yazykov, who inspired you with Your bold message? A. S. Pushkin asked. - What an excess of feelings and strength. What a young riot!" E. A. Baratynsky echoed him: "The rampage of a young singer is magnificent and dashing." Poems "full of life and strength, fiery, thundering", - M. P. Pogodin noted (cit. by: Sakharov V. I. Nikolai Yazykov and his poetry // Yazykov N. M. Pokhotemeniya [Poems], Moscow, 1978, pp. 5-6. Yazykov himself wrote about himself as a"poet of joy and hop".

This feeling of excess of one's vital forces, characteristic of the lyrical hero N. Yazykov, can be expressed in one old concept - "molodechestvo", formed from the word"well done". Here is how a contemporary of N. Yazykov, V. Dahl, explains the meaning of this concept: "Valor-prowess, prowess, bravery, especially out of bragging rights. From one of the braves on the bayonet climbs, from the excess of udali... Bravado-

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show off your bravery, show off your bravery and prowess, brag about your prowess in action, and indulge in bravery for glory " (V. Dahl. Explanatory Dictionary of the living Great Russian Language, vol. II. Moscow, 1979, p. 332). As we can see, bravery in the popular consciousness manifests itself in appearance ("by gait"), and "by speech", and "in practice". This state covers the whole person in his external manifestations and internal impulses. Such are the well-done N. Yazykova, often such is his lyrical hero.

N. Yazykov's contemporary and neighbor on the estate D. Davydov, with whom the poet was connected by close friendship and mutual admiration, became the personified embodiment of valor. D. Davydov often asked Yazykov to write his opinion about his poems: "Tell me your opinion in the Hussar or student way, it's all the same, because both there and there the soul is wine and frankness" (Russkaya Starina, Vol. XIII. 1884. P. 137).

D. Davydov recognized the advantage of N. Yazykov as a poet, jokingly calling him his "Parnassus father and commander": "You are my moral father and commander, one verse of yours, and I am in the fire of battles, fun and unaccountable." Poems by N. Yazykov, according to D. Davydov, have "the property of elevating the soul and increasing the cheerfulness of the spirit and thirst for battles and glory "(Ibid., p. 134).

"Davydov and Yazykov - this is their originality-do not paint a general romantic type of "exceptional personality", but a "national character", fanned by the romance of prowess and strong passions. Yazykov did it consciously and persistently. All the properties of "nature" are presented in his poems as a property of the Russian national character. Hence-the folklore flavor of Yazykovsky's "hero", a kind of" good fellow" " (Semenko I. M. Poets of the Pushkin era. Moscow, 1970. p. 188). D. Davydov in his poems, the tendency to boldness, fun extolled just as often. The folklorization of the lyrical hero in both poets occurs through the poetization of molodechnoism - one of the national character traits beloved by the people, which N. Yazykov often noted in other addressees of his messages - "To P. I. Shepelev", "to Wolf", etc.

In the outline of N. Yazykov, D. Davydov is akin to dashing good fellows: in" the fatal years " Russia sees him "on a horse in the bloody glow of fires. In the smoke and dust of battle, The courage of the fiery Hussars as a living example and leader." His poems are "Free Creatures", "Mighty, stormy-dashing", and he himself is "A dashing and sweet-voiced singer". And it is this spirit of bravery, udali D. Davydov inspires N. Yazykova street. The valiant exploits of the Hussar poet are akin to the exploits of epic heroes: "You have washed your valiant bulat with the blood of all the enemies of Russia!"

In the message "D. V. Davydov", as in a fairy tale, the hero is endowed with extraordinary heroic abilities:

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Know, Suvorov.
I made the sign of the cross over your chest:
He wasn't mistaken about the child,
You grew up and - flew,
Full of all grace,
Under the banner of the Russian army,
Proud and joyful and bold. < ... >
Your steed sonorous hoofed
Glitter and trampling raised.

A stormy, stately life
You love the noise and work:
You went with the bloody war
On the Danube, on the Bug and Prut;
But then I was just going to
Prorussian War;
Mnogogromnaya accumulated
In the distance - and it came rushing to us
Destructive-formidable.

Yazykov's complex zpitets (sonorous-hoofed, stormy-majestic, multi-loud, destructive-terrible) are based on folk-poetic and odic traditions.

Luck and success in everything accompany D. Davydov, and we can say that Yazykov's heroes are not just lucky, but successful. Words of the same vocabulary nest, but Dahl emphasizes the difference: "a successful case can be random, at random, at random, but a successful one requires sharpness... Good luck, courage, determination, bravery, daring, desperate bravery with sharpness, resourcefulness; successful courage; valor. The prowess of the city takes. The Cossacks prance and show their boldness. Not without prowess and in our regiment "(Vol. IV. P. 471). D. Davydov is not just a daredevil, acting by the will of a lucky chance, but a good fellow who wins with his sharpness, intelligence:

Udaltsov your raid
You, their honor, example and leader,
Through the woods and swamps,
Day and night, in a whirlwind and rain,
Through the lights and smoke of the fire
Raced to the enemies, with your crowd
Ubiquitous as God's punishment,
Fear of an unexpected blow
And a merciless, wild fight!

In the epic-song traditions, enemies are also depicted:

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Where are you, uninvited guests,
Strong in fame and number?
Snow covered your bones!
You had an honorable reception!
Get drunk, barely alive,
You are in the Moscow towers,
Heavy home fuck you,
You've been horribly killed
On cold vacant lots!

In describing the defeat of the French, N. Yazykov relies on the image of a battle-feast, beloved by both folklore and Old Russian literature.

In the image of D. Davydov, the collective features of the Russian army were combined, combining with the details of the realistic appearance of the partisan poet. This allowed contemporaries to recognize D. Davydov in the mythologized description of the brave young man-the defender of the Russian land:

A lot in this bloody year,
In this mortal struggle,
You have robbed your enemies of their glory,
You, black-haired fighter
With a white curl on her forehead!

To fully match the description of N. Yazykov, D. Davydov washed off the already painted white curl.

The poet admires the heroic pages of both Russian history and the glorious heroes of his time:

Summon me from distant lands
You are your heroes,
From the steppes, from the wide plains,
From the great rivers, from the high mountains,
From the axes of your seas!

It is characteristic of the national consciousness to seek support in previous achievements. The poem by N. Yazykov, written two years before Lermontov's "Borodin", is a memoir of the moods and feelings of contemporaries in 1812:

Flame in the sky abutting,
The lute fire of Moscow roars;
Golden-headed, holy one,
Are you dying?
Rus, go ahead!
Louder is the storm of extermination,
Stronger is the brave rebuff to her!
This is the altar of salvation,
This is the flame of purification,
It's a phoenix bonfire!

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N. Yazykov, like Lermontov, felt the need to turn to the glorious, albeit tragic pages of Russian history. The eternal confidence of the people in their invincibility was expressed in the poet's pathetic syllable: "the altar of salvation"," the flame of purification","the phoenix bonfire".

D. Davydov," a happy little darling of life", earned two wreaths - the hero - warrior's wreath and the poet's wreath: N. Yazykov's assessment of D. Davydov's poems gives an idea of the similarity of their worldview:

Your mighty verse will not die,
Memorably alive,
Intoxicating, exuberant,
And belligerently volatile,
And wildly daring.

D. Davydov, in turn, highly appreciated N. Yazykov:"...I think it means a lot to be glorified by the proud and independent lyre of our first original poet...", he wrote.

And this originality of N. Yazykov was primarily associated with the reflection in his work of the national characteristics of the Russian character.

In the lyrics of N. Yazykov, we find various manifestations of valor: from the riotous revelry of student and hussar revels to selfless military courage.

The Chuvash Republic.

Cheboksary.

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