Most of the books devoted to Chinese printing, Chinese engraving, and traditional Chinese woodcuts that have recently been published in the West use a new term for European historiography - "print culture". Translating it into Russian as "print culture" or" print culture " will not adequately express its meaning. This short English expression means "a culture based on printing", as opposed to "a handwritten book culture "or"an electronic text culture". The main promoter of the new term is the famous French book historian, philosopher and sociologist, professor of the Higher School of Social Sciences (L'EHESS) Roger Chartier. He is an adherent of" historical anthropology", which was founded by the creators of the" School of Annals " - Lucien Fevre, Marc Blok, Fernand Braudel and Henri-Jean Martin. For the first time, R. Chartier introduces the concept of "print culture" into scientific use in the preface to the Princeton University collection "Print Culture, Power and Use of Print in Europe on the Threshold of Modern Times" [Chattier, 1987], where he explains that this term originated from Europeans ' attempts to understand the social meaning of the Gutenberg Revolution for the early history of modern Europe. According to this concept, any text is inseparable from the specific material conditions that made it accessible to the reader. A common foundation for the history of philosophy, art, or science from the point of view of cultural studies should be the ability to simultaneously analyze the circumstances of production, circulation, and perception of any text. Thus, classical literary studies, as well as later methods of structuralism and deconstructivism, seem insufficient, since they do not take into account the type and existence of the text carrier. R. Chartier tries to combine the methods of historical anthropology, sociology and bibliography in order to reconstruct the history of cultures of the past, in his case - France, as the history of ideas, "mental his ... Read more