The article discusses a horn amulet cut from a broken comb with a drawn pattern. It presents a well-known plot with a horseman, a bird of prey and luminaries, both from medieval images of the Urals and from ethnographic materials. Most authors compare it with the image of the sky rider, a cultural hero, a character in the Ob Ugrian mythology. The unique drawing on the amulet is that the rider is shown jumping through the sky, and not on the ground, as in all known images. This composition illustrates the narrative of myths about how the hero "travels around the world at the height of clouds." The drawing on the amulet complements our understanding of the peculiarities of the formation of the cult of the heavenly horseman among the Ugric peoples of the Urals and Western Siberia.
Keywords: Perm Krai, Rozhdestvenskoe gorodishche, medieval period, amulet, image of a horseman, Mir-susne-hum, Ugric mythology.
The largest medieval monument of the Perm Region is the Rozhdestvensky archaeological complex (two ancient settlements, an undefended posad, and two burial grounds) on the Obva River. The central place in it is occupied by the Rozhdestvenskoye settlement , a trade and craft proto-city of the late IX-XIV centuries, which corresponds to the well-known town of Afkula from Arabic written sources (Belavin and Krylasova, 2008). As in any medieval city, the population here was multiethnic: local Finno-Ugric (mainly Ugric) - carriers of the Lomovatovo-Rodanov culture, artisans and merchants from Volga Bulgaria, immigrants from neighboring Finno-Ugric territories, from Northwestern Russia, etc.
In 1992, a very interesting horn amulet was discovered at the excavation of the V Rozhdestvensky settlement in the upper layer of the XII-XIV centuries. At first, it was interpreted as a "square amulet with a carved head", referring to the Bulgarian charms-amulets [Belavin, 2000, p. 123, fig. 61, 11], which became widespread due to the Islamization of society, had Arabic prototypes and ...
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