IZ KOJEGA SNEGA SO ŠNEŽKE IZRAŽAJU NAJLEPŠE: FIZIKA IN METEOROLOGIJA IDEALNEGA SNEDRA
Quality of snowball - it's not a matter of luck, but a direct result of the convergence of meteorological conditions that determine the physical-mechanical properties of the snow cover. Creating an optimal snowball requires an understanding of the phase state of water in the snow mass, crystal structure, and processes occurring during mechanical compression.
1. Ključne parametri: temperatura in vlažnost
Two main factors determining the "stickiness" of snow are air temperature and the content of liquid water in it. Their interaction is described by the concept of snow-water equivalent (SWE) and stages of snow metamorphism.
Ideal snow ("snowball" or "packaging" snow): Forms at temperatures close to 0°C (-2°C to +0.5°C) and high relative humidity of the air. In these conditions, part of the snowflakes are at the melting point. Upon compression:
Sharp points of crystals melt under pressure and heat from the palms.
The formed thin film of water acts as a natural glue.
Upon subsequent freezing (already in flight or when thrown), this "glue" crystallizes, bonding the snowball together.This kind of snow is plastic, sticky, forms dense, monolithic, and heavy snowballs that can fly far and cause "considerable damage".
Cold, dry snow (below -10°C): Consists of hard, brittle crystals with a minimum amount of unfrozen water. Upon compression, crystals do not melt, but break and crumble. The forces of friction and mechanical adhesion between the fragments are insufficient to form a strong ball. The result is a loose, powdery snowball that falls apart in your hands or in flight. Its albedo (reflective ability) is maximum, visually making it very white, but practically useless for play.
Wet, "heavy" snow (temperature around 0°C, thaw): Contains an excess of liquid water (more than 10-15% by mass). It is easily moldable when shaping, but becomes not a snowball, but an ice ball. It is too dense, not ...
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