Подходы к изучению религии в современной эволюционной психологии
Olga Mikhelson Approaches to the Study of Religion in Modern Evolutionary Psychology Olga Mikhelson - Associated Professor of the Chair of Philosophy of Religion and Religious Studies at Saint-Petersburg State University. olia_mikhelson@mail.ru The paper deals with approaches to religion within modern evolutionary psychology. In particular, the paper examines E. Wilson's sociobiology, P. Richardson's and R. Boyd's concept of culture as "co-evolution", and R. Dawkins' theories of memes and of religion as an "evolutionary by-product". Evolutionary psychology suffers from a few considerable and so far unsolved conceptual problems: the discussion of group selection; the issues of inherited and culturally depended components of religiosity; the question of "religious genes"; the theory of religion as "evolutionary by-product" etc. Among the main evident difficulties is the lack of its empirical verification. Nevertheless, evolutionary psychological approaches help to address classical issues of religious studies with new fresh perspectives. Keywords: evolutionary psychology, religion as "evolutionary by-product", memes, replicators. В ПОСЛЕДНЕЙ четверти XX века в подходах к изучению религии на Западе наметились очевидные качественные изменения - мы можем наблюдать растушую популярность синтеза гуманитарных и естественных наук. Вместе со значительными открытиями в биологии, в первую очередь в генетике и когнитивных дисциплинах, естественнонаучный подход все активнее вторгается в сферы, до сих пор бывшие прерогативой гуманитарных исследований. Дискуссия о классическом религиоведческом вопросе - вопросе о происхождении религии, а так же о ее стр. 63функциях и значении для общества внезапно получила новое дыхание. В последние десятилетия религия оказалась в центре новой, динамично развивающейся науки - эволюционной психологии, подхода, объясняющего особенности психологии и поведения человека законами эволюции. Изучая "адаптивное значение поведения", эволюционная психология п ... Read more
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09.12.2024 (162 days ago)
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